The brand new OLS rates towards the subsample have been in line for the full try estimates presented from inside the Table 2

We estimate Eq. (1) by replacing D_ij (B_ij) with three different sets of dowry and bride price paid to others (i.e., \( \overlinej>> \) and \( \overlinej>> \) , \( \overline> \) and \( \overline> \) , or the community-based dowry and bride price), and three sets of reduced-form estimation results are presented in Table 4. Each panel presents estimation results of a reduced-form regression with a different set of dowry and bride price paid to others. To be comparable with Panel A, the OLS estimation results with women who have at least one brother and one sister are presented in Appendix Table 8. The reduced-form estimation results support the main OLS estimation results shown in Table 2. That is, women enjoy higher status in the ily that tends to exchange higher dowries and when they come from a higher-dowry village, whereas a larger bride price is negatively associated with these same traits. Here, the amount of bride price paid to the wife’s sisters by their in-laws is significantly negatively associated with the wife’s autonomy. The third set, i.e., the community-based dowry and bride price, does not show any significant association with women’s status. This is likely because relatively weaker association between the community-based dowry (bride price) and the personal dowry (bride price) that the bride receives from her parents (in-laws) than other two sets. The estimates for other coefficients are not inconsistent with those shown in Table 2 and are available upon request.

Dining table cuatro Connection anywhere between dowry/bride price (reduced by the into the-laws and regulations out of siblings, anyone else throughout the town and you will neighborhood) and wife’s status on marital household (OLS)

4.step 3 Discussion and you may robustness checks

For the deciding the ladies status on relationship family, the effect of your own online dowry (dowry without bride-to-be rate) will get number. Observe that the degree of deferred mehr is included individually away from the web dowry as previous has never been reduced unless divorce or separation happen and cannot be considered possessions lead towards matrimony. The results advise that this new possessions brought into ount) improve their unique choice-and make stamina and you will self-reliance. This type of self-confident connectivity are not shocking since the relationships away from bride to be speed paid back at the time of relationships focus on stop so you’re able to that from dowry in the primary estimations.

Possibly, a greater years or degree improvement you’ll deteriorate the wife’s standing throughout the relationship household. Together with years variation also degree distinction (replacing the brand new partner’s many years and studies) cannot impact the fundamental outcomes, and the coefficients of these details are not significant (Appendix Dining table nine, Panel B).

The fresh quote procedure was repeated of the replacement dowry and you may bride speed having net dowry (Appendix Table 9, Panel An excellent)

You to definitely you will believe just how many decades due to the fact relationships is actually important because the outcome regarding dowry (or bride-to-be price) could well be better after relationships. Plus age while the ount regarding dowry (replacement female’s years in the wedding) magnifies the base effectation of dowry in ladies liberty but minimizes the magnitude and also the value level inside ladies’ decision making (Appendix Table nine, Committee C). Meaning that a much bigger dowry escalates the wife’s independence inside new marital domestic immediately following marriage; yet not, the new association is not somewhat influenced by the passing of ages while the marriage.

Zero measure of gender ideology is roofed in the primary estimation due to endogeneity concerns. One might argue that addition of such procedures can get weaken this new relationship between dowry and women’s standing regarding marital home. While we do not refuse the possibility that choice and you can ideological thinking towards gender affairs are not inherent and change along side relationship lives, the newest quote process was frequent by the as well as one or two procedures to own young buck preference: the first variable equals you to in the event the wife’s better amount of sons try more than compared to daughters and also the second translates to that if partner wants to render higher education to sons in lieu of to help you daughters. Controlling to own gender ideology does not considerably impact the main estimation performance (Appendix Desk nine, Committee D). Surprisingly, women’s decision-making is seriously on the child liking. Yet not, it’s adversely for the preference getting bringing advanced schooling to help you sons than daughters. A possible translation is that very educated women could be against gender inequality for the degree and get much more energized about marital domestic however, favor which have even more sons than just daughters. So it looks consistent with particular present studies showing one to child preference is far more prevalent one of highly experienced female instead of ignorant feminine when you look at the Southern area China (Das Gupta 1987; Muhuri and you can Preston 1991).